نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
عنوان مقاله English
نویسندگان English
The purpose of this study is to evaluate the criteria that may be utilized in understanding the content of medical narrations (Riwāyāt Ṭibbiyyah). This article has been written using a descriptive-analytical method, drawing upon library resources and referring to the verses of the Holy Qur’an, as well as books of narrations, exegesis (Tafsīr), principles of jurisprudence (Uṣūl al-Fiqh), and articles related to the subject matter. The findings indicate that Islamic sciences—such as the preliminaries of Uṣūl al-Fiqh and certain sections thereof, the science of narrators (Rijāl), the science of hadith criticism (Dirāyat al-Ḥadīth), logic, lexicology, exegesis, history, and others—are generally capable of identifying the purposes of medical narrations. However, certain topics, such as the principle of leniency in the evidence for recommended acts (Tasāmuḥ Fī Adillat al-Sunan), due to a lack of functional congruence and an inability to justify the validity of medical-narrative propositions, will not lead us to the desired goal. Various opinions have been presented regarding whether medical narrations are of an external (Khārijiyyah) or factual (Ḥaqīqiyyah) nature with respect to the content of medical science, wherein the presence of determining contextual clues (Qarā’in) proves useful, and it becomes clear that at least many of these narrations possess a factual dimension. The empirical testability of the content of medical narrations, given their directive (Irshādī) aspect concerning health, is not prohibited; and even if there exists a possibility of the obligation of heartfelt commitment to the Sunnah, this option is ruled out with respect to medical narrations. However, given that medical narrations were issued within the context of humoral (Mizāj-based) medicine, empirical testing based on this foundation should not be overlooked in order to achieve more precise results—although alignment with experimentation based on modern laboratory and clinical sciences can also be effective in benefiting from narrative traditions. Thus, the relationship between Islamic jurisprudence and empirical experience in this field is a bidirectional one.
کلیدواژهها English
